Properties of 1-Bromobutane (n-Butyl Bromide)：
1-Bromobutane, also known as n-butyl bromide, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₄H₉Br. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic odor. Below are its key physical and chemical properties:
Physical Properties:
Molecular Weight: 137.02 g/mol
Boiling Point: 101–102 °C (214–216 °F)
Melting Point: –112 °C (–170 °F)
Density: 1.276 g/cm³ (at 20 °C)
Solubility:
Slightly soluble in water (~0.6 g/L at 20 °C)
Miscible with organic solvents (ethanol, ether, acetone)
Refractive Index: 1.439–1.441 (at 20 °C)
Vapor Pressure: ~40 mmHg (at 25 °C)
Chemical Properties:
Reactivity:
Undergoes nucleophilic substitution reactions (e.g., SN₂ reactions) to form alcohols, amines, or other derivatives.
Can participate in Grignard reagent formation (butylmagnesium bromide).
Decomposes under strong heat, releasing toxic fumes (HBr, CO).
Flammability: Combustible (Flash point: ~23 °C / 73 °F).
Stability: Stable under normal conditions but light-sensitive; often stored in amber bottles.
Safety & Handling:
Toxicity: Irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory system.
Storage: Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources.
1-Bromobutane is widely used in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, and as an alkylating agent.
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